In order to achieve sustainable waste management solutions, we must integrate computational approaches to meet the challenges posed by escalating waste generation. Waste management and recycling are explored comprehensively in this book chapter with a focus on various computational tools and analyses. This chapter addresses a technologically driven approach to problem-solving based on diverse disciplines, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), optimization models, life cycle assessments, artificial intelligence, and sensor technology. This chapter examines GIS applications and explores how spatial analysis and mapping contribute to site selection for waste disposal facilities and route optimization for waste collection. Following this, it discusses optimization models, demonstrating mathematical methodologies used to improve decision-making processes, including linear programming and network optimization. Simulators are discussed in the context of predicting and understanding waste management processes, elucidating their role in this process. Various waste treatment methods are evaluated in detail in relation to the impact of life cycle assessment on the environment, highlighting the importance of this tool in evaluating environmental impacts. In addition, artificial intelligence and machine learning are discussed as tools to analyze data, recognize patterns, and optimize waste management processes. An overview of computational approaches shaping waste management and recycling is presented in this book chapter. It seeks to provide academics, practitioners, and policymakers with a basis for using technology breakthroughs for the creation of sustainable and effective waste management systems by clarifying the uses and advantages of these instruments. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Akhilesh Kumar Yadav; individual chapters, the contributors.
